Syntax in Golang
In Go, the syntax is the set of rules that define how a Go program is written and organized. Here are a few examples of Go syntax:
Declaring variables:
// Declare a variable of type int with the identifier "x"
var x int
// Declare a variable of type string with the identifier "message" and initialize it to a string literal
var message string = "hello world"
// Declare a variable of type bool with the identifier "isTrue" and initialize it to the value true
var isTrue bool = true
// Declare multiple variables at once
var x, y, z int
var message string = "hello"
var isTrue bool = true
Declaring constants:
// Declare a constant of type int with the identifier "maxValue" and initialize it to the value 100
const maxValue int = 100
// Declare multiple constants at once
const x, y, z = 1, 2, 3
const message = "hello"
const isTrue = true
Declaring functions:
// Declare a function called "add" that takes two int arguments and returns their sum as an int
func add(x int, y int) int {
return x + y
}
// Declare a function called "sayHello" that takes no arguments and returns a string
func sayHello() string {
return "Hello!"
}
Using control structures:
// Use an if statement to conditionally execute a block of code
if x > 0 {
// ...
}
// Use a for loop to iterate over a range of values
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
// ...
}
// Use a switch statement to select from multiple branches of code
switch x {
case 0:
// ...
case 1:
// ...
default:
// ...
}
Defining types:
// Define a new type called "Person" with two fields: "Name" (a string) and "Age" (an int)
type Person struct {
Name string
Age int
}
// Define a method on the Person type called "sayHello" that takes no arguments and returns a string
func (p Person) sayHello() string {
return "Hello, my name is " + p.Name
}